{
  "year": 2023,
  "generatedAt": "2026-10-19T02:19Z",
  "totalPeriods": 12,
  "page": "https://retrograd.io/2023",
  "planets": [
    {
      "planet": "mercury",
      "name": "Mercury",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "mercury",
          "sign": "Capricorn",
          "preShadow": "2022-12-12T11:25Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2022-12-29T09:32Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-01-18T13:08Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-02-07T05:19Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 294.3556,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 278.135,
          "degrees": "24°21′ → 8°08′ Capricorn",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/mercury-in-capricorn"
        },
        {
          "planet": "mercury",
          "sign": "Taurus",
          "preShadow": "2023-04-07T12:01Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-04-21T08:30Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-05-15T03:19Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-05-31T19:36Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 45.6197,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 35.8492,
          "degrees": "15°37′ → 5°50′ Taurus",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/mercury-in-taurus"
        },
        {
          "planet": "mercury",
          "sign": "Virgo",
          "preShadow": "2023-08-04T00:03Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-08-23T20:00Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-09-15T20:19Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-09-30T05:16Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 171.8525,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 158.0041,
          "degrees": "21°51′ → 8°00′ Virgo",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/mercury-in-virgo"
        },
        {
          "planet": "mercury",
          "sign": "Capricorn",
          "preShadow": "2023-11-25T12:38Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-12-13T07:07Z",
          "stationDirect": "2024-01-02T03:07Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-01-21T04:02Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 278.4878,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 262.1798,
          "degrees": "8°29′ Capricorn → 22°10′ Sagittarius",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/mercury-in-capricorn"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "venus",
      "name": "Venus",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "venus",
          "sign": "Leo",
          "preShadow": "2023-06-19T07:18Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-07-23T01:32Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-09-04T01:21Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-10-07T09:20Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 148.6023,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 132.2035,
          "degrees": "28°36′ → 12°12′ Leo",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/venus-in-leo"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "mars",
      "name": "Mars",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "mars",
          "sign": "Gemini",
          "preShadow": "2022-09-03T23:09Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2022-10-30T13:25Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-01-12T20:58Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-03-16T03:55Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 85.6138,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 68.1289,
          "degrees": "25°36′ → 8°07′ Gemini",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/mars-in-gemini"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "jupiter",
      "name": "Jupiter",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "jupiter",
          "sign": "Taurus",
          "preShadow": "2023-06-11T10:26Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-09-04T14:06Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-12-31T02:35Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-03-23T13:20Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 45.5802,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 35.5795,
          "degrees": "15°34′ → 5°34′ Taurus",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/jupiter-in-taurus"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "saturn",
      "name": "Saturn",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "saturn",
          "sign": "Pisces",
          "preShadow": "2023-03-11T23:02Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-06-17T17:24Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-11-04T06:55Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-02-07T15:02Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 337.2097,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 330.5126,
          "degrees": "7°12′ → 0°30′ Pisces",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/saturn-in-pisces"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "uranus",
      "name": "Uranus",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "uranus",
          "sign": "Taurus",
          "preShadow": "2022-05-07T19:31Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2022-08-24T13:53Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-01-22T23:13Z",
          "postShadow": "2023-05-09T13:49Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 48.9217,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 44.9409,
          "degrees": "18°55′ → 14°56′ Taurus",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/uranus-in-taurus"
        },
        {
          "planet": "uranus",
          "sign": "Taurus",
          "preShadow": "2023-05-12T10:52Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-08-29T02:08Z",
          "stationDirect": "2024-01-27T07:29Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-05-12T21:43Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 53.0756,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 49.0884,
          "degrees": "23°04′ → 19°05′ Taurus",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/uranus-in-taurus"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "neptune",
      "name": "Neptune",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "neptune",
          "sign": "Pisces",
          "preShadow": "2023-03-09T23:22Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-06-30T21:10Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-12-06T13:18Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-03-26T03:17Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 357.6905,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 354.8916,
          "degrees": "27°41′ → 24°53′ Pisces",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/neptune-in-pisces"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    },
    {
      "planet": "pluto",
      "name": "Pluto",
      "periods": [
        {
          "planet": "pluto",
          "sign": "Aquarius",
          "preShadow": "2023-01-08T07:25Z",
          "stationRetrograde": "2023-05-01T17:14Z",
          "stationDirect": "2023-10-11T00:58Z",
          "postShadow": "2024-02-01T07:03Z",
          "stationRetrogradeLongitude": 300.3638,
          "stationDirectLongitude": 297.8916,
          "degrees": "0°21′ Aquarius → 27°53′ Capricorn",
          "url": "https://retrograd.io/retrograde/pluto-in-aquarius"
        }
      ],
      "nextAfterYear": null
    }
  ],
  "source": {
    "publisher": "retrograd.io",
    "url": "https://retrograd.io",
    "method": "https://retrograd.io/methodology",
    "engine": "astronomy-engine 2.1.19 (VSOP87; Pluto by numerical integration)",
    "frame": "apparent geocentric ecliptic longitude, true equinox of date (tropical zodiac)",
    "station": "the instant the apparent longitude rate changes sign, found by bisection",
    "shadow": "pre-shadow: the planet first reaches the station-direct longitude; post-shadow: it returns to the station-retrograde longitude",
    "timezone": "UTC"
  }
}