Islamic · 14th century CE (author d. 1375/6)
Nihāyat al-sūl
fī taṣḥīḥ al-uṣūl: The Final Quest Concerning the Rectification of Principles
Ibn al-Shāṭir reworked Ptolemy's solar, lunar and planetary models, removing the equant with extra epicycles (the Ṭūsī couple and ʿUrḍī lemma); his planets still retrograde through the epicycle. His system was firmly geocentric, yet the mathematical details of his lunar model are identical to those in Copernicus's De revolutionibus; the closeness of their Mercury models is debated.
- Author
- Ibn al-Shāṭir
- Date
- 14th century CE (author d. 1375/6)
- Original language
- Arabic
- Kind
- Theory / model
- Planets
- Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn
Editions
2 editions.
| Year | Edition | © |
|---|---|---|
| 1957 | Roberts, Victor. 'The Solar and Lunar Theory of Ibn ash-Shāṭir: A Pre-Copernican Copernican Model.' Isis 48 (1957): 428–432. | © |
| 1959 | Kennedy, E. S. and Victor Roberts. 'The Planetary Theory of Ibn al-Shāṭir.' Isis 50 (1959): 227–235. | © |
Read it
No digitised copy known.
No digitised copy known. The editions above are the way in.
Myths we don’t repeat
Checked, and left out.
- Myth 01
Not heliocentric: his system was firmly geocentric.
- Myth 02
Not 'Copernicus copied him': whether and how the models were transmitted is debated.
References
Also on the Asia, Islam and medieval Europe shelf
| Date | Source | Planets | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| c. 6th century CE | Bṛhat Saṃhitā, ch. 6: the course of MarsVarāhamihiraAstrological | Ma | Astrological |
| c. 900 CE (observations 877–918) | al-Zīj al-Ṣābiʾal-BattānīMath. astronomy | Me Ve Ma Ju Sa | Math. astronomy |
| c. 1025–1028 CE | Doubts concerning PtolemyIbn al-HaythamTheory / model | General | Theory / model |
| 13th century CE (al-ʿUrḍī d. 1266) | Treatise on planetary retrograde motionMuʾayyad al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī (attributed)Theory / model | Me Ve Ma Ju Sa | Theory / model |
| 1261–1264 CE | Theorica planetarumCampanus of NovaraTheory / model | Me Ve Ma Ju Sa | Theory / model |
| c. 1391 CE | A Treatise on the AstrolabeGeoffrey ChaucerObservation | General | Observation |